The Role of the American Military Industrial Complex in Armed Conflict in the Middle East
Keywords:
armed conflict, middle east, military industrial complex, neoliberalism
Abstract
The Middle East countries, such as Iran, Iraq, Lebanon, Syria, Yemen, Bahrain, Egypt, Turkey, or other countries, seemed to endlessly suffered security and political conflicts. In some countries, the conflict even leads to armed fightings, for example in Iraq, Syria and Yemen. Every day, the medias broadcast the development of the armed conflict in the Middle East, as if telling that this conflict is going to last forever. This phenomenon raises a question, what causes the Middle Eastern conflict to be prolonged? This article addresses the relations between the conflict and the phenomenon of neoliberalism which becomes the main driver of global economy. Using the concept of Military-Industrial Complex, this article argues that there are giant capitalist actors who maintain this condition so they can get huge profits due to the long-drawn armed conflict.
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References
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Editorial Board. (2006). Politics and Conflict in Middle East. Development Issues. Vol. 8 (2)
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Helleiner, Eric. (2003). Economic Liberalism and Its Critics: The Past as Prologue? Review of International Political Economy. Vol. 10 (4): 686
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Kapeller, Jakob dan Stephan Puhringer. (2010). Democracy in Liberalism and Neoliberalism: The Case of Popper and Hayek. ICAE Working Paper Series, No. 10.
Karlin, Mark. (2015). US Weapons Industry Profits From Conflicts of Carnage in Middle East. Dalam http://www.truth-out.org/buzzflash/commentary/us-weapons-industry-profits-from-conflicts-of-carnage-in-middle-east [Diakses 2 Jan 2017]
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Kotz, David M. (2000). Globalization and Neoliberalism. Rethinking Marxism, Vol 12 (2).
Lia, Brynjar. (2016).. Jihadism in the Arab World after 2011: Explaining its expansion. Oslo: Department of Culture Studies and Oriental Language University of Oslo.
Lieberfeld, Daniel. (2005). Theories of Conflict and The Iraq War. International Journal of Peace Studies. Vol. 10 (2)
Magen, Amichai. (2013). The Crisis of Governance in the Middle East: Implications for Democracy. Development & Security. Jerusalem: Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung.
Mehta, Vijay. (2012). The Economies of Killing: How The West Fuels War and Poverty in the Developing World. London: Pluto Press.
Myre, Greg. (2014). America’s Middle East Scorecard: Many Interventions, Few Successes. NPR. Dalam http://www.npr.org/sections/parallels/2014/08/25/341892606/america-s-middle-east-scorecard-many-interventions-few-successes [diakses 2 April 2017]
Marie-Slaughter, Anne. (1995). International Law in a World of Liberal States. European Journal of International Law.
Perlini, Caterina. (2015). Democracy in the Middle East: External Strategies and Domestic Politics. International Relations Insight and Analysis Report , No. 10.
Perlo-Freeman, Sam dan Elisabeth Skons. (2008). The Private Military Service Industry. SIPRI Insights on Peace and Security, No. 2008/1.
Petras, James. (2014). The Soaring Profits of The Military-Industrial Complex, The Soaring Costs of Military Causalties. Global Research [online]. Dalam http://www.globalresearch.ca/the-soaring-profits-of-the-military-industrial-complex-the-soaring-costs-of-military-casualties/5388393 [diakses 3 Maret 2017]
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Ritzer, George dan Nathan Jurgenson. (2010). Production, Consumption and Prosumption: The Nature of Capitalism in the Age of the digital ‘prosumer’. Journal of Consumer Culture, Vol. 10 (1).
Shamsuz, Zaman. (2015). Rise of the Non-State Actors in Middle East: Regional Dimension. IPRI Journal, XV (1), pp. 51-65.
SIPRI. (2015). The SIPRI Top 100 arms-producing and military services companies in the world (excluding China) in 2015. Dalam https://www.sipri.org/sites/default/files/SIPRI-Top-100-2002-2015.xlsx [diakses 21 Maret 2017]
Stark, Joe dan James Paul. (1983). Arm Sales and The Militarization of the Middle East. Middle East Research and Information Project. Vol. 13
Springer, Simon, et all. (2016). The Handbook of Neoliberalism. New York: Routledge.
Taylor, Peter. (2013). Iraq war: the greatest intelligence failure in living memory. Telegraph [online]. Dalam http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/middleeast/iraq/9937516/Iraq-war-the-greatest-intelligence-failure-in-living-memory.html [diakses 2 Maret 2017]
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Vredesactie. (2014). European arms exports to middle east reach record high in aftermath Arab Spring. Dalam https://www.vredesactie.be/en/nieuws/european-arms-exports-middle-east-reach-record-high-in-aftermath-arab-spring [diakses 1 Mei 2017]
Zifcak, Spencer. (2012). The responsibility to protect after Libya and Syria. Melbourne Journal of International Law, Vol.13 (1).
Published
2018-05-15
How to Cite
Muhammad, A. (2018). The Role of the American Military Industrial Complex in Armed Conflict in the Middle East. Jurnal ICMES, 1(1), 45-64. https://doi.org/10.35748/jurnalicmes.v1i1.3
Section
Articles
